Nursing Care Plan for Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated disease that appears on the skin. It occurs when the immune system sends out faulty signals that speed up the growth cycle of skin cells. Psoriasis is not contagious. There are five types of psoriasis: plaque, guttate, inverse, pustular and erythrodermic. The most common form, plaque psoriasis, is commonly seen as red and white hues of scaly patches appearing on the top first layer of the epidermis (skin). Some patients, though, have no dermatological symptoms.

In plaque psoriasis, skin rapidly accumulates at these sites, which gives it a silvery-white appearance. Plaques frequently occur on the skin of the elbows and knees, but can affect any area, including the scalp, palms of hands and soles of feet, and genitals. In contrast to eczema, psoriasis is more likely to be found on the outer side of the joint.

The disorder is a chronic recurring condition that varies in severity from minor localized patches to complete body coverage. Fingernails and toenails are frequently affected (psoriatic nail dystrophy) and can be seen as an isolated symptom. Psoriasis can also cause inflammation of the joints, which is known as psoriatic arthritis. Between 10% and 40% of all people with psoriasis have psoriatic arthritis.(wikipedia)

1. Impaired skin integrity related to inflammation between dermal - epidermal secondary to psoriasis
2. Fear related to changes in appearance
3. Anxiety related to changes in health status secondary to psoriasis
4. Impaired self-concept related to the crisis of confidence
5. Lack of knowledge related to not knowing the source of information.

Nursing Intervention and Rationale Nursing Care Plan Psoriasis

Assess skin condition
R /: Knowing the damage to the skin to make appropriate interventions.

Observation of vital signs
R /: Knowing the patient's health status changes.

Assess skin color changes.
R /: Knowing the effectiveness of the circulation and identify the occurrence of complications.

Keep the infected area clean and dry.

R /: Helps accelerate the healing process.

Support the preferred type of coping when the adaptive mechanism is used.
R /: Anger is an adaptive response that accompanies fear.

Encourage to express his feelings.
R /: Can reduce the stress on patients.

Suggest to use normal coping mechanisms.
R /: Accuracy in the use of coping is one way of reducing fear.

Assess the level of anxiety and discuss the cause if possible
R /: Identify the specific issues will enhance the ability of individuals to deal with more realistic.

Give the patient time to express the problem and the encouragement of free expression, such as anger, fear, doubt
R /: In order for the patient to feel accepted.

Explain all procedures and treatments
R /: Ignorance and lack of understanding can lead to anxiety

Discuss alternative coping behaviors and problem-solving techniques
R /: Reduce patient anxiety

Assess the patient's behavioral changes such as introvert, shy dealing with others.
R /: Knowing the level of distrust of the patient in determining interventions.

Be realistic and positive during treatment, in patient counseling.
R /: Improving trust and partnership between the nurse-patient relationship.

Give hope within the parameters of individual situations.
R /: Improve positive behavior

Give positive reinforcement of progress.
R /: Words can support the strengthening of positive coping behaviors.

Encourage family interaction.
R /: Maintaining lines of communication and providing ongoing support to patients.